The relevant textual and contextual aspects of Rushdie's life narrative - including the fatwa affair as thematized in Joseph Anton - are included in the present analysis with a view to explaining the causes for Rushdie's defense of parrhesia. Bakhtinian dialogical hermeneutics linguistically frames the former accounts in terms of both successful empathic human communication and its failure when the right conditions for it are not met. René Girard's theory has been confirmed by the latest neuron system research findings. The present analysis of strategic narrative empathy in Rushdie's life narrative Joseph Anton: A Memoir (2012) is rooted in cultural narratology and complemented by the explanatory tools provided by the Girardian theory of violence as the outcome of a vicious circle set off by mimetic desire.
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